Whether it’s meditation, breathing techniques or yoga, individual approaches to stress management are increasingly popular in organizations. Enjoying the outdoor environment to take breaks at work would be especially beneficial in reducing stress. What are the effects and how can you introduce them in your organization?
To answer this question, we interpreted the research of Largo-Wight and colleagues, published in 2017, which aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of an outdoor break in proximity to nature on employees’ stress reduction.
Legend : Recommendation of our expert
EXPERT ADVISER AND PRINCIPAL AUTHOR:
- Alexandra Lecours, postdoctoral researcher, Université de Sherbrooke
This initiative was made possible through a collaboration with the Université de Sherbrooke.
What do we mean by: Proximity to nature?
Proximity to nature is drawing closer to and being aware of elements of the natural environment. This drawing closer to the natural environment can happen through
- contemplating trees or mountains through an office window;
- listening to music that evokes nature (e.g.: birdsong);
- placing plants indoors;
- taking a break or eating a meal in an outdoor courtyard.
Proximity to nature in particular showed benefits for employee well-being, job satisfaction and reduced absenteeism.
Stress
There are many definitions of human stress, but in a work context, we speak of stress when demands exceed resources available to the employee. Prolonged exposure to stress can result in various health problems – both psychological (e.g.: depression) and physical (e.g.: cardiovascular problems). Employees who experience high stress are more likely to have difficulties at work (e.g.: a drop in productivity), such as being absent from work because of illness.
Méthode
Feasibility study
Study aiming to determine whether participants found it realistic to take a daily 10-minute outdoor break
- 119 office employees (including 117 women)
- Average age: 48 years
- Southeastern United States
For four weeks, employees were invited to take a daily break for 10 to 15 minutes on their own. They were divided into two groups
Efficacy study
Study aiming to evaluate the effects of taking a 10-minute outdoor break on participants’ stress level
- 37 office employees (including 34 women)
- Average age: 49 years
- Southeastern United States
The first group had to take the break indoors; the second group had to take the break outdoors and focus their attention on elements of nature (e.g.: sky, tree, birds). Each participant in the two groups was asked to evaluate their stress level before and after the four weeks of the study.
Because studies must always be interpreted with caution
Participants in the two studies were mostly women; the conclusions need to be confirmed with male employees. Furthermore, the effectiveness of an outdoor break in proximity to nature consists solely of stress perceived by employees. The authors suggest continuing the research to measure the effect on other organizational indicators, such as productivity or absenteeism.
What do the results of the study tell us?
Taking a break outdoors is beneficial!
A daily 10-minute break outdoors during which the employee focuses their attention on elements of nature would be sufficient to reduce their stress level.
1. Feasibility of taking a break outdoors
- Employees reported being in the habit of taking a daily break, even before the study, and feeling better afterwards.
The break allows the employee to recover, to restore their physical and cognitive resources in order to be able to maintain a constant level of engagement at work throughout the day. - Taking an individual daily break outdoors is achievable, practical and meaningful for a majority of employees.
Going outdoors can allow the employee to find some distance and detach more easily from work stresses.
2. Effectiveness of taking a break outdoors
- Employees reported feeling a lower level of stress after the four weeks when they took a daily individual break, whether indoors or outdoors.
In general, taking a daily break allows employees to reduce stress. - Employees who took a break outdoors in proximity to nature reported a stress level that was found to be lower than that of participants who took their break indoors.
Proximity to nature outdoors adds to the break’s positive effect on employees’ stress level. Theories on the benefits of nature suggest that proximity to nature has a calming effect, while improving cognitive and adaptive abilities.*
*Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15(3), 169–182. doi:10.1016/0272-4944(95)90001-2
Actions employers can take
Simple and practical actions can be put in place for your employees to offer them opportunities to adopt healthy life habits. Here are a few concrete actions to promote taking an outdoor break close to nature to employees.
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Action step
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Specific ideas
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Example
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Arrange the physical environment. |
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Adopt a culture that promotes taking breaks outdoors. |
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Recommendation from our expert
An environmental intervention promoting proximity to nature is simple and requires little effort on the part of the organization or the employee. Knowing that such an intervention offers health benefits, there is no reason to overlook it! Still, it is important to understand that individual approaches to stress management remain secondary ways of controlling employees’ stress levels. You must first put in place organizational measures to reduce sources of stress at work and therefore to promote employees’ health.
TO CITE THIS GLOBAL-WATCH SCIENTIFIC INTERPRETATION
- Lecours, A. (2018). Even a 10-minute break outdoors can reduce stress. Global-Watch Scientific Interpretation available at www.global-watch.com
TO CITE THE ORIGINAL ARTICLE BY THE AUTHORS OF THE STUDY
- Largo-Wight, E., Wlyudka, P. S., Merten, J. W., & Cuvelier, E. A. (2017). Effectiveness and feasibility of a 10-minute employee stress intervention: Outdoor Booster Break. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 0(0), 1‑13.
